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How to Tell the Difference Between Hail and Wind Damage

Last updated October 25, 2026

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The short answer

Look at the Shape of the Damage

Hail strikes leave round or oval dents, often with a small crater in the center. On metal roofs, gutters, or siding, you will see a distinct indentation that matches the size of the hailstone. On asphalt shingles, hail can knock granules loose, leaving a roughened patch.

Wind damage, in contrast, usually tears or lifts materials. Look for shingles flipped up, siding pulled away from the wall, or flashing peeled back from a roof edge. Wind can also snap branches or hurl debris that leaves long scratches or gouges, not round dents.

Check the Pattern Across Your Roof

Hail damage tends to follow the path of the storm. You might see a concentrated band of dents on one roof slope while the opposite slope looks untouched. Hail also damages all exposed surfaces equally, so gutters, vents, and skylights show similar marks.

Wind damage is more scattered and directional. The worst damage usually appears on the side of the roof facing the prevailing wind, and you may see a clean line where shingles were pulled up. Wind also tends to affect edges and corners first, where uplift forces are strongest.

  • Hail: round dents, dimpled metal, loose granules on shingles
  • Hail: marks on all exposed surfaces, not just edges
  • Wind: lifted shingles, peeled flashing, torn underlayment
  • Wind: debris scratches or gouges, often in one direction
  • Hail: damage concentrated in storm path, not uniform
  • Wind: damage worst at edges, ridges, and corners

Inspect the Siding and Windows

Hail can crack vinyl siding, leaving round holes or a pattern of radiating cracks. It can also shatter windows, especially if the hail is large. Look for small, round chips in glass or a spiderweb pattern spreading from a central impact point.

Wind damage to siding often appears as panels that are bowed, cracked, or completely pulled off. Windows may break from flying debris, but the break will be irregular, with long shards, not a round impact point. Check for stress cracks near the window frame, which suggest wind pressure rather than hail.

Consider the Age of the Damage

If you have a recent hail storm, new dents and dings are likely hail. But old hail damage from a previous year can look similar to new damage, especially on metal roofs. Check for rust or oxidation in the dents, which indicates the damage has been there for a while.

Wind damage often happens during the same storm, but it can also be caused by a separate event like a falling tree limb. Look for fresh wood splinters or torn underlayment that still has its original color. If the damage is old, you might see dirt or pollen in the cracks.

When to Get a Professional Inspection

If you cannot tell the difference, or if the damage is extensive, you may want a professional inspection. A water damage inspection can help you document the damage for your insurance claim and identify hidden issues like roof leaks or compromised flashing. The pros can also check for water intrusion that may not be visible from the ground.

In Glen Burnie, the humid subtropical climate with hot humid summers and cool winters can speed up deterioration after storm damage. If you live in Glen Burnie, a prompt inspection can catch small problems before they become major leaks. Look for a local water damage pro who can provide a detailed report.

Your insurance company will likely require documentation of the cause of damage. Hail and wind may be covered differently under your policy, so accurate identification matters. Policies vary, and your insurer decides what is covered. Check your policy documents and ask your adjuster about the specifics.

  • Hire a pro if you see water stains on ceilings or walls
  • Get an inspection if your roof is older or already damaged
  • Document everything with photos and notes for your claim
  • Ask for a written report that describes the type of damage

Water damage does not wait

Phones are answered 24/7 for Glen Burnie and nearby communities.

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Frequently asked questions

Can hail damage cause a roof leak even if I don't see holes?

Yes, hail can crack shingles or dent metal without creating a visible hole. The impact can weaken the material, and over time, water can seep through. Check for water stains on your ceiling or in the attic, and have a pro inspect if you suspect hidden damage.

How can I tell if my siding damage is from hail or wind?

Hail leaves round dents or punctures, while wind usually pulls siding off or cracks it in long lines. Look for the shape of the impact. If you see a clean circular mark, it is likely hail. If the siding is bent or torn, wind is more probable.

Should I file a claim for hail damage or wait?

You should document the damage and check your policy first. Hail and wind may be covered, but the deductible and coverage limits vary. If the damage is minor and below your deductible, you might wait, but if there is a leak, act quickly to prevent more damage. Policies vary, and your insurer decides what is covered.

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